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Arsenal During Second World War

Post-War Arsenal - Overview

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League Champions 1948

Arsenal returned after the Second World War with the same manager, George Allison, and some of the same players however it was apparent immediately that the magic of the 1930s had long gone. The loss of Cliff Bastin and Ted Drake to retirement seemed too great a burden to shoulder.

In fact the side flirted with relegation in the 1946/47 campaign before ending up 13th.

Allison, now in his mid-60s, decided to retire after that campaign. His assistant, Tom Whitaker, took up the reigns and had an immediate effect.

In the 1947/48 season, Arsenal won the League by seven points from Manchester United. Two years later, a brace by Reg Lewis against Liverpool would see them win the FA Cup. However, the goalscorer did not take all the plaudits.

Allison’s last major contribution at Arsenal had been to bring Joe Mercer to the club. The bendy-legged left-half would turn out to be an inspired signing. Mercer would go to make almost 250 appearances for Arsenal before suffering a double fracture of his leg in a collision with team-mate Joe Wade against Liverpool on April 10, 1954.

However the 1950 FA Cup Final against the Anfield side would be perhaps his finest hour for Arsenal. Mercer had not moved to London after his transfer to Highbury, instead he retained his grocer’s shop in Wallesey and commuted down for games. During the week he trained with Liverpool but naturally had to sit out certain sessions on Merseyside ahead of the Final.

Mercer galvanised Whitaker’s side into a major footballing force in the early 1950s. In 1951/52, Arsenal were in contention for a Double but ended up empty-handed.

They finished four points off champions Manchester United in the League and to lost George Robledo’s goal when they met Newcastle in the FA Cup Final. Though it might have been very different if had Wally Barnes had not picked up an early injury. These were the days when sides did not field substitutes and the full back ended up being a passenger for much of the game.

Whitaker’s side recovered to win the title the following year but by the narrowest margin in history. Arsenal and Preston finished the campaign with identical records with the London side taking the honours by 0.099 of a goal on goal average.

It would be Arsenal’s last trophy for 17 years. The team was growing old and Whitaker could not quite attract major names to the side. After his death in late 1956, the club tried a couple of stalwart players as managers – Jack Crayston and George Swindin. Neither could rekindle former glories. In fact the strongest League finish of that entire 17-year period would be Swindin’s first year when the side finished third.

The club then changed tack and, in 1962, appointed an outsider in Billy Wright. He had been a wonderful captain of Wolves and England (plus a boyhood Arsenal fan) but he had little experience in a managerial role. The side were barely also-rans under Wright however he did sign Bob Wilson, Frank McLintock and Joe Baker. The club’s youth team also won the FA Youth Cup in 1966. The seeds of the Double side were being sown.

The architect of that triumph, Bertie Mee took over from Wright the same year. The former club physio set about bringing through the likes of Pat Rice, John Radford, Ray Kennedy and Charlie George. His side would end the 60s by reaching – and losing - successive League Cup Finals. However greater glory lay ahead.
 
Arsenal at War

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The First and Second World Wars had a profound impact on competitive football in England but Arsenal gave their fans something to cheer by joining regional leagues and picking up their fair share of honours.

A year after the outbreak of the Great War in 1914, clubs in London combined with some Southern League teams to form a London Combination, in which Arsenal competed for the next four years.

Virtually every Arsenal staff member was contributing to the war effort by the time the first campaign kicked off - with many of them in the forces. As a result, Arsenal followed the example of rival teams and drafted in 'guest' players to honour their fixtures and help keep competitive football ticking over. The same policy was pursued after the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939 and Arsenal were graced by some high-profile visitors as Stanley Matthews, Stan Mortensen and Bill Shankly all donned a red shirt.

Tottenham had used Highbury for some of their 'home' games during World War One and the favour was returned during World War Two as Arsenal closed its stadium to football and converted into Air Raid Precautions (ARP) centre.

For all its efforts, Highbury paid the price when it was bombed in 1941. The North Bank was wrecked after a fire broke out and the roof collapsed, while the goalposts in front of the North Bank were also demolished. Much of the terracing on the South Stand was damaged too and these had to be repaired before Arsenal could return home after the war.

Another bomb, weighing 1,000lb, had fallen near the stadium in October 1940. Several RAF men were sitting in a hut that was blown up - two of them died. Meanwhile tonnes of concrete were blown over the Clock End terraces. During the hostilities, Islington residents took shelter in the Arsenal Underground station.

When it was safe to play football, Arsenal were one of the leading sides during the Second World War, having dominated English football for much of the 1930s.

They won the League South 'A' title in 1939/40 but lost the League War Cup Final the following season. Leslie Compton missed a penalty in a 1-1 draw with Preston at Wembley and Arsenal lost the replay 2-1 at Blackburn.

In 1941/42 a number of London clubs formed a breakaway London League and Arsenal romped to the title with 108 goals in 30 matches. They returned to the Football League South a season later and, in 1942/43, won the championship and the League South Cup.

A certain Reg Lewis netted four times in that 7-1 Cup Final win over Charlton. He would of course go on to become an even more significant Wembley winner seven years later, grabbing both goals as Arsenal beat Liverpool in the 1950 FA Cup Final.
 
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